Glossary
Mechanization: To equip (a factory, industry, etc) with
machinery.
Mining: The act, process, or industry of
extracting coal, ores, etc, from the earth.
Mineral: Any of a class of naturally occurring
solid inorganic substances with a characteristic crystalline form and a
homogeneous chemical composition.
Fossil fuels: A hydrocarbon deposit, such as
petroleum, coal, or natural gas, derived from living matter of a previous
geologic time and used for fuel.
Industry: Organized economic activity concerned
with manufacture, extraction and processing of raw materials, or construction.
Irrigated farming: The artificial application of water to
land to assist in the production of crops.
Energy: A source of power.
Biomass: The total number of living organisms in a given area, expressed in terms
of living or dry weight per unit area.
Management: The members of the executive or
administration of an organization or business.
Workforce: The total number of workers employed by
a company on a specific job, project, etc.
Wind turbine: A machine that converts wind energy to
mechanical energy; typically connected to a generator to produce electricity.
Solar panel: A panel exposed to radiation from the
sun, used to heat water or, when mounted with solar cells, to produce
electricity direct, for powering instruments in satellites.
Renewable energy: Any naturally occurring, theoretically
inexhaustible source of energy, as biomass, solar, wind, tidal, wave, and
hydroelectric power, that is not derived from fossil or nuclear fuel.
Non-renewable energy: An energy resource that is not replaced
or is replaced only very slowly by natural processes.
Alternative energy: Energy, as solar, wind, or nuclear
energy, that can replace or supplement traditional fossil-fuel sources, as
coal, oil, and natural gas.
Dam: A barrier of concrete, earth, etc, built
across a river to create a body of water for a hydroelectric power station,
domestic water supply, etc.
Heavy industry: Relates to a type of business that
typically carries a high capital cost (capital-intensive), high barriers to
entry and low transportability.
Light industry: A section of an economy's secondary
industry characterized by less capital-intensive and more labor-intensive
operations.
Cutting-edge industries: Technological devices, techniques or
achievements that employ the most current and high-level IT developments; in
other words, technology at the frontiers of knowledge.
Craftsperson: A person who makes beautiful objects by
hand.
